Isaac w



(No Model.)

` V I. W. HEYSINGER.

V OOMBINED BIT BEACH AND WASHER CUTTEE.

No. 286.610. Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

A M/////////////// V////// INVENTOR T ju WITNESSES:

` UNITED STATES ATENT rrron IAAG HEYSINGER, OF PHLADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMBINED BlT-BRACE AND WASHER-CUTTER.

SECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. .286,610, dated October 16, 1883.

' Application filed July 6, 1533. (No model.)

' the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side View of one of the tools embodying my invention, adapted for outting out washers, packingrings, or similar objeots. Fig. 2 is a front view of one of the outters f' and its supportinghead F', the arm of the braee upon which it, slides being shown in section. Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the cutter f and its supporting-head F. Figs. 4 and 5 show the method of attaching the head of the hraee to the stem A', which rotates within the soclcet of the head E. Fig. 6 is a side View of the stern which rotates in said socket of the head E. Fig. 7 is a viewfrom beneath of the lower arm oi' thelorace, showing the sliding cut-ters and the pin or shank upon which, as a center, the said cntters rotate when the braoe is revolved. Fig. 8 shows in vertical crosssection a supplemental part adapted to he applied to the free end of the arm B, and provided with a socket, into which may be inserted an ordinary braoe-bit for various uses, such as boring holes, putting in screws, &0. Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse sectional view of the attachment shown in Fig. S. Figrlo shows one of the outters made in the form'of the segment of a circle, to adapt the tool for cutting out circular grooves in panels, &0. Fig. 11 shows a eutter for eutting out a circular molding of various fanciful designs, ogees, irregular curves, bevels, 850., the cutter being attached to the head 3 at both sides, so as to give greater firmness to the cutter and inoreased strength of Construction, the said cutter being readily removed from the head J and replaced by one of different sha-pe. Fig. 12 shows various forms of these interchangeable Glitters, ready for insertion in the grooves provided therefor in the cutter-head J of Fig. 11, where they are retained by the screw-bolt L L therein' shown. Fig. 13 shows a spur or embossing wheel adapted to he used with this tool for laying off the teeth of gears or spacing distances, or for various ornamental purposes. These wheels may he of graduated sizes to correspond with distances marked on the arm B, to adapt the same for spacing circles into degrees or pagts thereof, and may have their peripheries formed in various ways.

The lettering in all the various figures is uniform.

The first part of my invention relates to the oonstruction and arrangement of the various parts thereof, wherehy a tool, substantially of the form of an ordinary lorace, is provided with on'e`or more cutters adapted to slide laterally upon the lower transverse arm of said brace, and which said cutters may he fixed at any point desired relatively to a center-point attached to said braoe, so that oircles or rings of various sizes may he readily 'cut from leather, paper, metal, ruhber, wood, or like material, or a circular hole be cut therein, the whc le tool being made more compact, stronger, cheaper, and more resistant against strain than where the eXtension-cutters are attached to the centering shank-pin, as is ordinarily done.

The second part of my invention relates to the means I employ for attaching the stationary head to the stem of the braoe, which rotates therein, whereby greater economy and strength are Secured.

The third part of my invention relates to the use of a supplemental and detaohable shank arranged to be used with a loraoe having a center-point and cutters such as I employ, said shank being provided' with a socket adapted to receive ordinary hits of the various forms used in hraces, wherehy the tool is adapted for many purposes not otherwise possible.

The fourth part of my invention consists of the use of cutters for cutting out various forms' of circular grooves or moldings, whereloy different Glitters may be used at will with the same outter head or support, and readily inserted or replaced.

The fifth'part of my invention relates to the adaptation, in a combination-tool such as I describe, of aspaced, spur, embossing, or mark ing wheel for laying off gears or graduat-ed distances in ciroles or parts thereof, or for marking or embossing ornamental designs thereupon.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l shows a tool embodying and illustrating more especial IOO ly the first part of my invention: It consists, brought up hard against it by the screw G'.

essentially, of a brace provided with a head, -E, hand-piece A, eecentric thereto, and two lateral or horizontal arms extcnding from the upper and lower ends of said hand-piece to the aXis upon which the brace rotates. The lower arm, B, terminates in a penetrating or centering point, D, at right angles thereto, and pointing downward, so that as the brace is rotated by the hand upon the hand-piece A, the head E being pressed upon at the same time, the point D will penetrate any suitable material placed beneath. The lateral arm B is horizontal, and carries upon it, laterally movable along the said arm to various distances from the center D, one or more blocks or cutterheads, F F to the lower part of which are ati trched cutters f and f', which, by the rotation of said tool upon the center D, will cut out a solid circle if one cuter be used, and aring or Washer if two cutters be employed. As may be seen by the drawings, it is desirable, in order to cut out narrow rings, to have the two adjacent cutters so mounted upon their heads that they may be brought substantially together, and this is done by mounting the eutters f and f upon the contiguous faces 'of F and F'; but it is also d'esirable, in order to adapt the tool to cut out circles of a small diameter, to bring the cutters closely up to the i cutter-head F is necessarily in terp osed between the cutter f and the center D, I carry the arm B over beyond the aXis of rotation, and then connect the pin or point D, which occupies said aXis, thereto by an angular or curved piece, G, corresponding in internal form with that part of F which closes thereupon, 'where by the two cutters f and f' and the centerpoint D may all be readily brought into contact, or as nearly so as may be desired. I prefer making the point D square in cross-section and tapering downward, whereby easy penetration is secured, though a pointed pin of circular, semicireular, or triangular cross-section may be .used if thought best. In order to enable the cutter-heads F and F to slide freely*' to and fro upon the arm B without dropping therefrom, and also to support the said eutters against the great twisting-strain to which they are subjected in use, I provide the arm B with fianges B B, running along the lower edge on each side of said arm. These flanges, as shown in Fig. 2, are beveled or thinned toward the free edges thereof, so that the cutter-heads, which are grooved on a corresponding bevel, (see Fig. 2,) may be drawn up and tightened against said bevels, as will be hereinafter shown. As seen in Fig. 2, the cutter-head F' consists of a downwardly projecting part, groovedvertieally, if desired, to carry the cutter f",whichisscrewed or otherwise firmly attached The said screw G' engages againstthe upper bevel of the fiange B, and, as the cutter-head is of considerable length along the bar B, it is held rigidly and can neither vibrate laterally nor longitudinally when in use, and the same is accomplished without the employment of mechanieal fitting or special nicety or accuracy of Construction. Simple castings of malslip of the cutter-head along the arm B. The* action, in fact, is the same as that used in tools for rolling logs in saw-mills, where there is a simple lever with an overhooked swinging claw to engage with the opposite side and turn the,

log, no counterpart ofthe screw G, however, being there used. To prevent the cutter-head F from dropping off the rear end of the bar B when the screw is loosened the fiange B is carried up vertically to 'form a stop, as shown at b. There is no such rise or stop, however, at the opposite side, B', the fiange there terminating at the horizontal line, so that when the screw G' is sufficiently retracted it will readily slip over the stop b, and one or both of the cutterheads may be removed and other cutter-heads substituted therefor. The cutter-head F, Figs. &and 7, is substantially similar in construction to that shown in Fig. 2, except that the part grooved to engage with the flange B' is carried farther forward, as is clearly shown in Fig. 7, sliding alongside the connectingbar G, the bottom of the head F being cut away for that purpose, the groove, in .conjunetion with the screw G, holding the paris secure.

To attach the head E to thebrace, while any ordinary fastening may be used, I prefer the one shown as a part of this invention. As seen at Fig. 6, the upper part of the brace A is provided with a circumferential bead or collar, a, the stem which rotates in the fixed head E projeetng thereabove. This stem, as shown at A I preferto make slightly smaller in its middle portion, to prevent the roughness of the castings from impeding its motion against the g sides of the socket in which it turns; but this is not essential. l terminate the stem A' by a cone, which is stepped into a corresponding seat in the socket of the head E. The head E is formed with a curved upper surface, and be neath it has a hollow socket, which enbraces the stem A' of the brace A, extending down nearly to the bead or collar a. At opposite sides of the open end of the said soeket of the head E, I provide two raised cars or lips, E' and E (see Fig. 4,) substantially of the form therein shown, so constructed that when the socket is slipped over the stem A' (being made of malleable or wrought iron, brass, or steel) `form of a segment ofa circle;

in a vise, and the upturned ends locked under I head. To prevent the thumb-nut L' from the head or collar a, as is shown in Figs. 1 and 5. This Construction makes a very cheap and efficient i'astening, and is applicable to braces and similar tools in which a stern rotates in a socket, or vice versa, of other forms' than the one I heroin describe.

To adapt this tool to be used, when occasion requires, as an ordinary brace, with bits for boring holes, or with a screw-driver, I provide an independent bit carrier or head, substantially of the form shown in Figs. 8 and 9.

It consists of a head part open at one end and at the bottom, with grooves to correspond with the fianges B' and B of the arm B, and with a set-screw, h', and adapted to be slipped over the forward end of the arm B, as shown in Fig. S, and fixed thereupon by the set-screw h'. The lower portion of the head is made open, so as to pass over the angular connecting-arm C and the center-point D, as is seen in Fig. S. Belowthis is the socket h, in which may be inserted the shank of an ordinary bit. This socket may be provided with a set screw, or 'with spring or other jaws of any of the well-known forms in use for similar purposes.

&Vilen I wish to use the tool for cutting out ornamental circular moldings of various sec- `tional forms, I employcutters of other forms,

mounted upon the heads F and F'. For instan ce, in Fig. 10 I show a cutting-knife adapted to out out a ciroular groovehaving the sectional 'W hen the width of this outter is too great to be sustained readily by one side alone, I earry up both sides of the cntting-knife, as shown in Fig. 11, the

ings J' and J of the head J being double, to

correspond thereto; or the head may be made solid at J' I* from side to side. The cntter shown in Fig. ll is adapted to cut ont an ornamental circle of special design, as are those shown in Fig. 12. In order to economize space and money, I adapt these outters to be' used interchangeably with the same head, and `for this purpose I attach the cutter j to the head J by a screw-bolt, L, passing'through the vertical sides of the cntterj and tightened up by the thumb-nut L'. I slot the upper portions of the cntters j, j', and j as shown in Fig. 12, to allow them to be slippedion or off by merely loosening, without deta'ching, the screw-bolt L L'; or I provide the cutters with perfora tions m m as shown in the cutter j Fig. 12. These cutting-blades I prefer to form out of a simple flat oblong steel blank, throwing up the ends to form the sides of thecutter and forming the bottom into a cutting-edge in a die. I prefer to grind the steel blank along the edge in the portion occupied by the cutting partto an edge before striking it np into shape, as by this 'method the edge is very cheaply put on, the tempering and final finishing being .given afterward, if required. To'vary the spread of the cutting-edges upon a head of uniform size, I employ the'shoulder 7n or its eonverse, whereby the width of cut may be varied at pleasure upon the 'same tOll; r er fitted onto the metal; or may be of wood, as

turning in its socket, I make it square in seotionfor a part of its length, the openings in the cutters and in the`lug J 2 being of a form to correspond therewith. y

In certain cases I substitute with this tool, for the 'cutters above described, a spnr or tracing wheel. (Shown in Fig. 13.) I find this appliance very useful for spacing gear-wheels and laying oli" points at graduated distances, and 1 sometimes, instead of indenting the points of the teeth into the wood or metal, provide them with coloring-matters to print the points required. I also make the wheel sometimes with marking edges instead of i points, so as to lay out the form of gear-teeth cure'the complete closing of the teeth when the circle is completed. I sometimes provide the ends of the teeth with embossing-dies, or give the whole periphery an embossed or figured design to indent or print the same upon the material used; and I also sometimes substitnte a pencil, ink-pencil, or pen, or a brush for the said wheel when continuous lines of various depths of shadow are desired.

While I describe the tool and its various parts in detail, I do not wish to limit myself specificallyto the devices shown in the drawings, as thetool is capable of various modifications and inversions of parts in the hands of any good mecha11ic,wl1ereby the advantages made manifest in my invention may be employed in analogous and equivalent constructions. For instance, the grooves and fianges of the arm B and the cutter-heads F and F' maybe inverted; or a single cutter or any number -of them may be employed simultaneously. The cutters may be formed integral with the heads, or may be cast in. The heads may be otherwise attached to the bar than by means of screws. The point D may be made detachable, or provided with a slide and set-screw or pressure-spring. The connecting-arm O may be done away with or given a lateral deflec- The hand-piece A may be aloosecovmay also be th'e head E. The lugs E' and E* may be riveted to the head instead of cast on to it; or the whole construction thereof may be inverted, and a multitude of analogous changes .may be made without affecting the prinoiples which dominate and give vitality to my invention, being merely mechanical in scope and function, and such as may be made to meet special requirements by any skilled meohanic.

I an aware that straight and curved cutting loo IIO

blades of the forms shown in Figs. 1 and l eccentric to the center D, substantially as and are old in themselves, and I make no claim to the use of such blades apart from a supporting-head substantially as shown and described. Moreover,l do not desire to claim, broadly, in this' specification the spaeing, marking, embossing, or tracing wheel shown in Fig. 13 apart from the specifically-described head adapted to this tool, but reserve the right to make a separate application hereafter for Letters Patent therefor. The cutter-supporting heads shown in all the various figures are substantially alike as adapted to the horizontal bar B, and are adapted to receive cutting I 5 `or marking blades of any shape or size dei ters attached to and sliding upon said bar B,

substantially as described.

2. In oombination with an extension-bit brace having the cutter-guiding bar formed integral therewith, the detachable, interh changeable, and laterally-adjustable heads F,

F J, K, and N, adapted to be applied to the said cutter-guiding bar from the side or rear end thereof, substantially as set forth.

3. In combination with the brace A, provided with the cutter-guiding bar B, having flanges B' and B or equivalents thereof, one or more cutter-heads, F F' J K N, adapted to embraoe and slide laterally upon said guiding-bar B, and provided with an internal groove or its equivalent on one side to correspond with said flange B', and a set-screw, G, upon the opposite side, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. A tool for cutting out rings and washers, consisting of a brace provided with a head, and eccentric hand-piece connected thereto, and Having a horizontal cutter-guiding bar which forms the lower arm of said brace, and a fixed center-point near the end of said bar, together with cutter heads provided with a bifurcation to adapt the same to be applied to the said cutter-guidng bar from, the rear or handle portion of the brace, or from the side thereof, supporting downwardly prej ecting cutting-,blades adapted to cut out rings or washers upon the said center-point as a cenv ter, said eutter-heads being movable to and from the center independently of each other, and adapted to be fixed at different points upon said guiding-bar, substantially as described.

5. In eombination with one or more adjustable cutter-heads adapted to slide upon the bar B, the center-point D, attached to the said bar B by the connecting-arm C, outside of and for the purpose described. p

6. The washer-cutting brace A, having the lower arm, B, extending forward beyond its axis of rotation, and connected to the centerpoint D by the angular arm C, so as 'to give clearance for the cutter-head F, substantially as set forth.

7. In combina'tion with the cutter-guiding bar B, provided with tapering fianges B' and B a cutter-head provided with a cutter and internally grooved at one side with a corre-- spondingly-tapering groove not large enough to close completely over said fiange B', together with the set-screw G, adapted to impinge-upon the guiding-bar B above the tapering fiange B and draw the grooved opposite side of the cutter-head up against the flange B substantially .as described.

8. In combination-with one or more cutters having grooved sliding heads and set-screws, the cutter-gu'ding bar B, provided with the fiange B substantially as described. e A

9. In combination with one or moredetachable cutters and set-screws for attaching the same, the guiding-bar B, having fianges B" and B and stop b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. x 9 5 10. The double-flanged guide-bar B B' B adapted to receive the detachable cutter-heads' F, F', K', and J by means of the grooves corresponding to one of said fianges, and setscrews adapted to set up against and above the opposite flanges, substantially as described.

11. In 'combination with the flanged bar B' B', one or more cutter-heads F, F', K, and J, provided with grooves to fit over said flange B' when drawn up against the same, said grooves being sufiiciently long to prevent unsteadiness of the cutters f, f', k,.and j when under strain, substantially as described.

12. The combination of the fianged bar B B' with the grooved cutter-heads F, F K, and J, matched thereto, and the set-screws G G', the whole being so constructed that the resistance of rotation shall draw the grooved sides of the cutter-heads down upon the fiange corresponding thereto and relieve the set-screws G G' from strain, substantially as described.

13. The brace A, provided with stem A' and bead or collar a, in combination with a head, E, in which the said stem rotates, said head having a socket to fit over said stem A', and one or more lips attached to said head E, adaptedto be bent over and under said bead or collar a, so as to prevent withdrawal of said head E, substantially as described.

14.' The method of attaching movable heads IOO IIO

`to braces and similar tools by providing the definite width," the nterchangeable cut-ter 7' having the extension-shoulder or its eonverse m to adapt the said head to receive a eutter having a cutting-surfaee wicler 01' narrowe' than the supporting-head, substantially as de* 15 ing soeket h, adapted to be slipped over the said center-.point and attached to the bar B,

substantally as described.

16. In eombination With the adjustable and 5 detaehabie (mister-head J provided with eutter-seats J' and J, the detaehable cutters j, j', soribed. j and j having Slots m, m', m md m?, to- ISAAC XV. HEYSINGER. gether With the clamping-screw L and thumb- VVitnesses:

- v P. O DONNELL,

nut L', substantia-lly as described. IO 17. In conbinaton With a cutter-headof C. T. QUIN. 

